Motion in a straight line an
introduction
Studying the motion of the body without
bothering about the forces acting on it is done in kinematics. We treat body as
a combination of identical point sized objects and they have negligible dimensions.
All laws of mechanics were in principle discussed with the point sized
particles and as the body is the combination of similar particles, under ideal
conditions the laws are applicable to bodies also. Here we are dealing with
bodies moving with a velocity much lesser than the velocity of the light. In
this particular case, body is moving only along one dimension either along X,Y
or Z axis. This is called one dimensional motion and it is changing its
position with respect to time and surroundings.
To measure the change of the
position, we have terms like distance, speed. Distance is the actual path
traveled by a body and the speed is the rate of change of distance with respect
to time. Both distance and speed are treated as scalars and they can be
understood by stating their magnitude alone and they don’t need direction.
Displacement is the shortest
distance between initial and final positions in specified direction and it is
treated as vector quantity. They can be understood completely only when both
magnitude and directions are given to us. Velocity is defined as the rate of
change of displacement and it is also a vector quantity.
Average velocity
If a particle is not changing its
velocity with respect to time, then it is said to be in uniform velocity. In
this case at any given interval of time, the particle will have same constant
velocity and it is same every where. But it is not same every where. If a body
is changing its velocity with respect to time, then it is having acceleration
and we would like to measure the average velocity in the given case. Average
velocity is defined as the ratio of total displacement covered by a body in the
total time. Taking this concept into consideration, we can find average
velocity when time is shared and displacement is shared as shown in the video
below.
Related Posts
Distance and displacement comparison
Equations of Motion in One Dimension
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