Friction is a force which opposes relative motion. Friction
exists between every two solid surfaces that are in contact. When we try to
move one body over the other body, frictional force opposed this motion. Each surface
has its own irregularities. Sometimes we may not be able to see that
irregularities. But if you put them under a powerful microscope we can see that
irregularities. When one body is kept over the other body, this irregularities
get interlocked with each other and this opposes the further motion of one body
with respect to the another body. Friction comes into action only when we try
to move your body. If you don’t try to move your body, there is no one opposing
the interlocking and hence there is no frictional force.
Because of the friction, there is Wear and tear of mechanical
parts of the machines. We need energy resources like petrol and diesel to
overcome the road friction between the tires and the road continuously. Hence
lots of energy resources are wasted in real life in overcoming friction.
Anyway we cannot
survive without friction. We cannot hold a glass, we cannot sit, we cannot hold
a pen and what not, we cannot touch one body with the other body and hold
anything because there is no interlocking between the two surfaces. Therefore
without friction we cannot imagine our life and it is going to be disastrous.
That’s why people call friction as a necessary evil. So we need to have the
friction to survive and having a large amount of the friction is killing a lot
of the energy resources.
Therefore the best thing that we can do is minimising the
friction therefore we can save certain amount of energy. This can be done
simply by reducing the irregular surfaces of the body. Once we reduce the
irregular surfaces, the interlocking also will be less and hence frictional
force also can be reduced. Therefore it is very clear that if we want to reduce
the friction, we shall reduce the interlocking.
Polishing the surfaces is one of the simple method that we
can follow to reduce the friction. It is obvious that when we polish the
surface, the irregularities will decrease and hence automatically the
interlocking also decreases. Therefore the opposition to the relative motion
which is frictional force is less and hence we can more the body easily. Anyway
if you keep on polishing the surface of a body, the surfaces becomes very
smooth and surprisingly friction is not going to become zero.
It is simply
because when the surfaces comes too close to each other, the molecules of this
two surfaces also comes close to each other and between them there is always a
force of attraction. If this molecules belongs to different types, the force of
attraction is called adhesive force of attraction and the molecules belongs to
the same type of the material, the force of attraction is called a cohesive
force of attraction. Anyway it is always attractive. Hence molecular force of
attraction again starts opposing the relative motion. That’s why a friction can
only be minimised but cannot be reduced to zero.
Using ball bearings, lubricants and streamlining are the
other methods to reduce the friction.
Find the video lesson of this friction can be only be minimized here below.
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